The earliest mention of the church in Shalbourne is when it was made over to the Abbey in 1208 by the Bishop of Sarum. It is a medieval building with 12th century features and a 15th century tower and was restored in 1873. The chancel houses an Elizabethan monument from 1562 of Sir Francis Choke, depicting him as a bearded man in armour with a canopy above the effigy. There is also a tablet in the south aisle to Jethro Tull quoting from his book 'Horse-hoeing Husbandry' - 'Tis in some degree the interest of everyone who lives by bread that true principles be established in agriculture'.
The nave and the north and south doorways are the oldest parts of the building dating from the 12th century. There are two 12th century lancet windows with remains of ancient glass. The chancel was rebuilt in 1300 and has an original priest's doorway, and a pointed east window with four other windows. A sedile (seat) is formed by the sill of the east window and there is a piscine with a shelf beneath. The chancel, nave and transept are constructed of flint rubble walls with stone dressings and the roof has modern red clay tiles. The tower is faced with coursed squared stones with flintwork amongst them and rises in three stages with a parapet and pyramid red tiled roof.