The chapel was originally Particular Baptist and was connected with the original Baptist movement in the village of Southwick.The exact date of the foundation of the church in Trowbridge is unknown but there were some Baptists in the town in 1669 when between 140 and 150 Anabaptists were meeting at the house of Edward Grant, a clothier. Dates of 1655, 1660, 1680 and 1697 have been claimed for the founding of the chapel. The Conigre Chapel was probably officially formed in 1697, after the Act of Toleration of 1688; before that date Trowbridge Baptists probably went out of town to Southwick to worship. A site for the chapel was acquired in 1699 and a chapel built in 1700. The first minute book dates from 1714. There was also a dissenting academy in the Conigre. This was virtually a non-conformist university which taught more modern subjects than Oxford and Cambridge, which non-comformists could not enter. A minister's house, the surviving Conigre Parsonage, was either erected or rebuilt and all these early enterprises owed much to the generosity of the Houlton family. In the 1730s the chapel drifted to Unitarianism and in 1736 part of the congregation seceded to form the Back Street Baptist Chapel. William Waldron, who was also a clothier, was a noted minister for 50 years until his death in 1794. During this time many well off residents were members.