This began as a Sunday School attached to the parish church. In 1819 there were 40 boys and 25 girls plus another 27 children who attended to learn to read and write. By 1835 there were 100 children attending and it became a day school in 1842. The school was sited in West Street in a former cloth factory and received a Board of Education grant for setting up and building alterations. In 1858 there were between 70 and 80 boys and between 180 and 190 infants, taught by a certified teacher and two pupil teachers. It was only later in the century that girls were admitted. The school united with the National Society in 1902. By 1919 there were 102 boys, 110 girls and 118 infants and the school was an elementary taking all ages.
In 1935 the school was re-organized into the Wilton Church of England Junior School and the Wilton Church of England Senior School. There were 170 juniors and 92 infants in 1936 in the junior school, which remained in West Street in the combined buildings of the boys' and girls' schools. In 1944 it became a controlled school under the 1944 Education Act while in 1972 this became a first school under local education rearrangements in Wilton and the western part of Salisbury. The school moved to a new site in Burcombe Lane in purpose built buildings and the original school was converted into a community centre. The new school was renamed Wilton Church of England First School.